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The Biology of Composting: a Review

Istituto di Microbiologia Agraria, Università degli Studi di Pisa; Centro di Studio per la Microbiologia del Suolo, C.N.R., Pisa, Italia

G. Vallini

Istituto di Microbiologia Agraria, Università degli Studi di Pisa; Centro di Studio per la Microbiologia del Suolo, C.N.R., Pisa, Italia

A. Pera

Istituto di Microbiologia Agraria, Università degli Studi di Pisa; Centro di Studio per la Microbiologia del Suolo, C.N.R., Pisa, Italia

This paper analyses the more important aspects of this process with particular emphasis on the microbiological. Some attention is also given to hygienic and sanitary implications as well as considerations on plant design. Compost is also analysed in its agricultural role, in particular its effects on plant growth. Problems regarding the evaluation of biological maturity and phytotoxicity are also discussed.

Key Words: Solid urban waste • sewage sludge • composting • microbial ecology • organic fertilizer • land utilization • compost maturity • phytotoxicity • recycling • waste disposal.

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