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Waste Management & Research
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Long-Term Effectiveness of Isolation Techniques for Contaminated Soils

M.J. Diependaal

TNO-SCMO, Delft, The Netherlands, since 1 September '92 Department of Environmental Policy, Rotterdam, The Netherlands

A.E. Klein

TNO-SCMO, Delft, The Netherlands

P.B.J.M. Oude Boerrigter

TNO-SCMO, Delft, The Netherlands, since I September '92 Grontmij N.V., The Netherlands

J.L. van der Meij

TNO-IGG, Delft, The Netherlands

F.B. de Walle

TNO-IGG, Delft, The Netherlands, since 1 September '92 Department of Environmental Policy, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, Department of Environmental Health, University of Washington, Seattle, U.S.A.

Seven different isolation methods, designed to prevent the migration of pollutants away from contaminated disposal sites, are compared. A 17-step integrated risk methodology is developed to compare these isolation methods. A disposal site containing heavy metals and toxic organics is used as a case study. Model calculations based on actual data predict that the Maximum Tolerable Concentration (MTC) for drinking water is never exceeded, while the MTC-lead is exceeded for the reuse of contaminated land for housing by all isolation methods after 100 years. Isolation methods are generally effective for the first 10 years, then have a retarding effect after 25 years, but are generally similar to a "non-intervention" reference situation after 100 years. Thus, it is argued that the current types of isolation techniques in use represent a potential "time bomb".

Key Words: Isolation techniques • disposal sites • hazardous waste • risk methodology • groundwater contamination • soil contamination • The Netherlands.

Waste Management & Research, Vol. 11, No. 6, 481-492 (1993)
DOI: 10.1177/0734242X9301100603
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