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Waste Management & Research, Vol. 13, No. 4, 305-314 (1995)
DOI: 10.1177/0734242X9501300402

The Ümraniye-Hekimbasi Open Dump Accident

Günay Kocasoy

Bogaziçi University, Institute of Environmental Sciences, 80815 Bebek, Istanbul, Turkey

Kriton Curi

Bogaziçi University, Institute of Environmental Sciences, 80815 Bebek, Istanbul, Turkey

The open dump of Ümraniye-Hekimbasi was the main solid disposal site of the Asiatic side of Istanbul. At this site, which was in operation since 1976, 1500-2000 tonnes of solid wastes were disposed of daily. No waste compaction was undertaken during placement. The slope formed by the solid wastes was very steep (3 vertical to 1 horizontal), and recently demolition wastes were disposed of on top of these wastes. On 28 April 1993, an "explosion" took place, followed by the displacement of a large mass of solid wastes which engulfed 11 houses causing the death of 39 people. This paper investigates the possible reasons for this accident and concludes that it was caused by the initial sliding of the solid wastes, which were not deposited in a stable way, followed by an explosion of the methane generated and retained in the landfill. © 1995 ISWA

Key Words: Open dump • Ümraniye-Hekimbasi • landfill accident • landfill gas explosion • waste slide • Turkey.


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K. Curi
A Reply from Prof. K. Curi to comments related to the paper by Kocasoy and Curi
Waste Management Research, January 1, 1996; 14(3): 327 - 327.
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