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Linking landfill hydrology and leachate chemical composition at a controlled municipal landfill (Kåstrup, Denmark) using state-space analysis

Dept. of Environmental Engineering, Aalborg University Sohngaardsholmsvej 57, DK-9000 Aalborg, Denmark, tjalfep{at}hotmail.com

Per Moldrup

Dept. of Environmental Engineering, Aalborg University Sohngaardsholmsvej 57, DK-9000 Aalborg, Denmark

Kirsten Sørensen

Dept. of Environmental Engineering, Aalborg University Sohngaardsholmsvej 57, DK-9000 Aalborg, Denmark

Jens Aa. Hansen

Dept. of Environmental Engineering, Aalborg University Sohngaardsholmsvej 57, DK-9000 Aalborg, Denmark

Leachate production and composition data for a municipal landfill measured over a 25-year period was used to investigate important processes and parameters. Long-term leachate production could be satisfactorily predicted from a simple top-layer landfill hydrology model while short-term predictions were less accurate, likely due to water storage in the waste. State-space and multiple regression modelling were used to identify relations between different parameters. State-space models proved most accurate in fitting measured data, likely because temporal correlation between measurements is accounted for unlike multiple regression.

State-space modelling showed that temporal correlation in leachate production must be taken into account and confirmed that water storage inside the landfill is important. Temporal correlation is also important when predicting pH and chloride concentrations but less so for BOD₅ and NH₃/NH₄⁺ concentrations. Leachate flow did in general not have a strong impact upon leachate composition, small effects were observed for Cl^-, and NH₃/NH₄⁺concentrations. It was also observed that the mass load of nitrogen from the landfill was strongly dependent upon leachate nitrogen (ammonia/ammonium) concentrations and to a lesser degree upon leachate flow rates. This study introduces state-space modelling in solid waste management as a powerful tool to identify governing parameters for hydrological and bio-chemical processes.

Key Words: Controlled municipal landfill • landfill hydrology • top-layer model • leachate composition • state-space analysis • nitrogen loading. wmr 564-7

Waste Management & Research, Vol. 20, No. 5, 445-456 (2002)
DOI: 10.1177/0734242X0202000508


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