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Waste Management & Research, Vol. 21, No. 4, 356-366 (2003)

Relating landfill gas emissions to atmospheric pressure using numerical modelling and state-space analysis

Tjalfe G. Poulsen

Dept. of Environmental Engineering, Aalborg University

Mette Christophersen

Dept. of Environmental Engineering, Aalborg University

Per Moldrup

Dept. of Environmental Engineering, Aalborg University

Peter Kjeldsen

Dept. of Environmental Engineering, Aalborg University

Landfill gas (CO2 and CH4) concentrations and fluxes in soil adjacent to an old, unlined Danish municipal landfill measured over a 48-hour period during the passage of a low-pressure weather system were used to identify processes governing gas fluxes and concentrations. Two different approaches were applied: (I) State-space analysis was used to identify relations between gas flux and shortterm (hourly) variations in atmospheric pressure. (II) A numerical gas transport model was fitted to the data and used to quantify short-term impacts of variations in atmospheric pressure, volumetric soil-water content, soil gas permeability, soil gas diffusion coefficients, and biological CH4 degradation rate upon landfill gas concentration and fluxes in the soil.

Fluxes and concentrations were found to be most sensitive to variations in volumetric soil water content, atmospheric pressure variations and gas permeability whereas variations in CH4 oxidation rate and molecular coefficients had less influence. Fluxes appeared to be most sensitive to atmospheric pressure at intermediate distances from the landfill edge. Also overall CH4 fluxes out of the soil over longer periods (years) were largest during periods with rapidly decreasing atmospheric pressures resulting in emission of large amounts of CH4 during short periods of time. This effect, however, was less significant for the CO2 fluxes.

Key Words: Landfill gas emission • CH4 oxidation • atmospheric pressure variations • state-space analysis • numerical modelling • sensitivity analysis • wmr 640-3.


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