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Waste Management & Research, Vol. 24, No. 2, 134-140 (2006)
DOI: 10.1177/0734242X06063052

Leaching of heavy metals in acid mine drainage

Lana Saria

Department of Urban and Environmental Systems, Civil Engineering, Kyushu University, Japan, lana{at}ies.kyushu-u.ac.jp, lsaria{at}yahoo.com

Takayuki Shimaoka

Department of Urban and Environmental Systems, Civil Engineering, Kyushu University, Japan

Kentaro Miyawaki

Department of Urban and Environmental Systems, Civil Engineering, Kyushu University, Japan

Acid mine drainage is one of the most serious environmental problems that the coal and metal mining industry is currently facing. The generation of low pH drainage enhances the dissolution of heavy metals in water. The samples used in this research originated from three pits at mine dumps. In a study reported in this paper, three types of tests; namely static test, kinetic test and column test were conducted to estimate acid generation and acid neutralization reaction rates, and to predict the solubility of metals and their release rates. Static test showed that all samples had a pH of net acid generation (NAG pH) < 4, a net acid producing potential (NAPP) > 10 kg H2SO4tonne-1, and a S-content > 3%, which can be classified as a high acid-forming capacity. Simulated runoff in the column tests was equivalent to 5-year average rainfall in Indonesia, the resultant leachates showed acidic behaviour (pH < 3.5). Based on the results, it was found that high mobilization of heavy metals (Cr, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb) takes place under strong acidic conditions (pH {cong} 2).

Key Words: Acid mine drainage • pyrite oxidation • mine waste • heavy metal • overburden • tailing • wmr 885-4


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