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Emissions from baled municipal solid waste: II. Effects of different treatments and baling techniques on the emission of volatile organic compounds

Environmental Engineering, Department of Technology, University of Kalmar, SE-391 82 Kalmar, Sweden, diauddin.nammari{at}hik.se

Marcia Marques

Environmental Engineering, Department of Technology, University of Kalmar, SE-391 82 Kalmar, Sweden

William Hogland

Environmental Engineering, Department of Technology, University of Kalmar, SE-391 82 Kalmar, Sweden

Lennart Mathiasson

Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Lund, SE- 22100 Lund, Sweden

Lars Thörneby

Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Lund, SE- 22100 Lund, Sweden

Lennart Mårtensson

Department of Mathematics and Science, University of Kristianstad, SE-29188 Kristianstad, Sweden

Marcia Marques

Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Rio de Janeiro State University, CEP 20559-900 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

This paper focuses on the volatile organic compound emissions from baled municipal solid waste (MSW). The analytical methodology was based on sampling with adsorbent tubes once a month during seven occasions within a time period of 1 year. Automated analyses were carried out on-line work-up with thermal desorption directly connected to a gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer. The effect of different baling techniques, cylindrical and rectangular baling was compared. It was found that cylindrically baled MSW emitted larger concentration of esters than their rectangular counter parts. Conversely, aromatic compounds emissions dominated in rectangularly baled MSW. This indicates that different degradation mechanisms operate in the waste bales. Cylindrical and rectangular bales are generally wrapped with six layers of 250 µm thick low density polyethylene (LDPE). It was observed that by wrapping an extra six layers of LDPE film onto the bales, the emissions from cylindrical bales increased while emissions from the rectangular counterpart decreased. Over time, the volatile organic compound emissions from cylindrical bales decreased two orders of magnitudes from 96.2 ± 20.8 µgm^-3 in September 2003 to 0.80 ± 0.07 µgm^-3 in July 2004. The rectangular bales exhibited an almost identical relative emission reduction from 54.4 ± 4.3 µgm^-3 in September 2003 to 0.46 ± 0.02 µgm^-3 in July 2004. Future work will concentrate on full-scale storages, taking into account waste type, storage size, temperature development and the different baling techniques among other variables.

Key Words: Volatile organic compounds • thermal desorption • gas chromatography-mass spectrometry • Tenax • baled waste • multidimensional scaling • wmr 972-1

Waste Management & Research, Vol. 25, No. 2, 109-118 (2007)
DOI: 10.1177/0734242X07071132


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