Advanced Search

Journal Navigation

Journal Home

Subscriptions

Archive

Contact Us

Table of Contents

CiteULike is a free service for managing and discovering scholarly references - click here to get started.

Sign In to gain access to subscriptions and/or personal tools.
Waste Management & Research
This Article
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow References
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Email this article to a friend
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in Web of Science
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Add to Saved Citations
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrowRequest Permissions
Right arrow Request Reprints
Right arrow Add to My Marked Citations
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Right arrow Citing Articles via Scopus
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Tang, P.
Right arrow Articles by Xia, F.Y.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Tang, P.
Right arrow Articles by Xia, F.Y.
Social Bookmarking
Add to CiteULike   Add to Complore   Add to Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us   Add to Digg   Add to Reddit   Add to Technorati   Add to Twitter  
What's this?

Volatility of heavy metals during incineration of tannery sludge in the presence of chlorides and phosphoric acid

P. Tang

State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China, tp_peace{at}hotmail.com

Y.C. Zhao

State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China

D.Z. Chen

The Institute of Thermal Energy and Environmental Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China

F.Y. Xia

Department of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China

Knowledge of the behaviour of heavy metals in the combustion process is a most important factor in selecting disposal alternatives for waste materials. Accordingly, in this work, the vaporization behaviour of highly concentrated heavy metals (Pb, Zn, Cu and Cr) in tannery sludge were investigated experimentally. The sludge was spiked with various chlorine compounds (i.e. PVC, FeCl3, CaCl2 and NaCl) and pre-treated with phosphoric acid in order to evaluate the capacity of enhancement and weakening of the volatility of the heavy metals contained in tannery sludge. The experimental results show that the vaporization percentages increased with increasing ratio of Cl/sludge and temperature, and the accelerating and increasing effect of the addition of chlorides on the vaporization percentage of heavy metals was dependent on the release capacity of chlorine radicals. The vaporization percentages of lead and zinc increased by 15—20%, whereas those of copper and chromium increased by only about 3 and 10% at 800 °C. However, heavy metals were not expected to be completely released in the combustion process in spite of the high ratio of Cl/sludge. Alternately, heavy metals contained in tannery sludge can be immobilized effectively by pre-treatment with phosphoric acid. When the 85% phosphoric acid accounted for 10% of dry basis of tannery sludge, the phosphate-treated sludge showed the lowest vaporization percentage of about 3—15% with formation of Ca18Cu3(PO4)14, Ca9Cr(PO 4)7, Ca19Zn2(PO4) 14 and PbMgP2O7 in the bottom ash.

Key Words: Tannery sludge • heavy metal • incineration • vaporization • wmr 1351—5

Waste Management & Research, Vol. 26, No. 4, 369-376 (2008)
DOI: 10.1177/0734242X08092024
Add to CiteULike CiteULike   Add to Complore Complore   Add to Connotea Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us Del.icio.us   Add to Digg Digg   Add to Reddit Reddit   Add to Technorati Technorati   Add to Twitter Twitter    What's this?