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Waste Management & Research
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Recommended Methodology for Measurements of PCDD and PCDF in the Nordic Countries

Bo Jansson

The National Environmental Protection Board, Box 1302, S-171 25 Solna, Sweden

Gunnar Bergvall

The National Environmental Protection Board, Box 1302, S-171 25 Solna, Sweden

In April 1986 the Nordic Council of Ministers recommended that the Nordic countries use a specific method for measurements of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDD) and dibenzofurans (PCDF) in flue gas emissions from waste combustion. The recommended protocol, which will be re-evaluated in a years time, includes the following.

A one week registration period during which the plant is studied by continuous registration of a number of operating and emission parameters. The sampling period is included in this time.

A sampling procedure based on a heated filter followed by a condenser, a bottle for the condensate and an adsorbent column. Before the sampling, at least two labelled PCDD are added to the filter.

No specified analytical procedure. A labelled PCDF is added before the clean-up procedure and an injection standard before the final analysis. The laboratory is free to use any method that gives at least 25% recovery of the sampling standards and 50% recovery of the clean-up standard.

Reporting requirements include homologue specific results for PCDD and PCDF containing four to eight chlorine atoms as well as isomer-specific results for the "dirty dozen". The results should be compensated for incomplete recoveries and the factors used should be reported.

Key Words: Dioxin • analysis • incinerator emissions • municipal solid waste.

Waste Management & Research, Vol. 5, No. 1, 251-255 (1987)
DOI: 10.1177/0734242X8700500137
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