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Waste Management & Research, Vol. 9, No. 1, 465-470 (1991)
DOI: 10.1177/0734242X9100900165

Biofilms and the Survival of Opportunistic Pathogens in Recycled Water

Michael Boyle

Division of Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, U.S.A.

Tim Ford

Division of Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, U.S.A.

James S. Maki

Division of Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, U.S.A.

Ralph Mitchell

Division of Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, U.S.A.

Microorganisms are likely to develop an organic film on pipes, water reservoirs and filters used for waste water reclamation during extended missions in space. These biofilms can serve to protect and concentrate potentially pathogenic microorganisms. Our investigation has emphasized the survival strategy of opportunistic pathogenic bacteria in distilled water. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus were used as test organisms. Cultures were incubated at 10°, 25° and 37°C. No viable Staphylococcus cells were detected after the first week of incubation. P. aeruginosa, however, survived in distilled water up to 5 months at all three temperatures tested. The starved cells were able to form a biofilm layer on stainless steel. The cells exhibited a negative surface charge. The charge may be involved in the adhesion of this bacterium to metal substrata. We are currently investigating the importance of adhesion in the survival of this and other potential human pathogens found in water recycling systems.

Key Words: bionlms • Pseudomonas aeruginosa • Staphylococcus aureus • pathogens • stainless steel • space • water reclamation.


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